Why Strict Churches Are Strong

Why Strict Churches Are Strong

The strength of strict churches is neither a historical coincidence nor a statistical artifact. Strictness makes organizations stronger and more attractive because it reduces free riding. It screens out members who lack commitment and stimulates participation among those who remain. Rational choice theory thus explains the success of sects, cults, and conservative denominations without recourse...

Maximum force production: why are crabs so strong?

Durophagous crabs successfully hunt hard-shelled prey by subjecting them to extremely strong biting forces using their claws. Here I show that, for a given body mass, six species of Cancer crabs (Cancer antennarius, Cancer branneri, Cancer gracilis, Cancer magister, Cancer oregonensis and Cancer productus) were able to exert mean maximum biting forces greater than the forces exerted in any othe...

A Generalized Graph Strict Strong Coloring Algorithm

This paper examines the graph coloring problem. A graph strict strong coloring algorithm has been proposed for trees in Haddad and Kheddouci (2009). In this paper, the authors propose a new heuristic based algorithm for general graphs named GGSSCA (for Generalized Graph Strict Strong Coloring Algorithm). The authors show that the complexity of this algorithm is polynomial with considering the n...

Why the Constant 'Undefined'? Logics of Partial Terms for Strict and Non-Strict Functional Programming Languages

In this article we explain two different operational interpretations of functional programs by two different logics. The programs are simply typed λ-terms with pairs, projections, if-then-else, and least fixed point recursion. A logic for call-by-value evaluation and a logic for call-byname evaluation are obtained as as extensions of a system which we call the basic logic of partial terms (BPT)...

On Strict Strong Constructibility with a Compass Alone